The Women s Movement And The Development Of Feminism Essay

Throughout history, gender roles have been pressured on humans by society from the moment that they enter the world. Traditional gender roles of what is considered â€Å"masculine† or â€Å"feminine† make it hard for people to live with who do not portray these certain characteristics. Not only does society limit human identity but their sense of self worth as well. For hundreds of years, people have been raised to live in a certain gender role based on the genitalia they were born with. For example, women were raised and expected to work amongst the household where as men were to be in the work force. Society norms have made females and males feel obligated to follow traditional norms and to make them feel less of a human if they do not follow or live within these gender roles and characteristics. This setback was the spark of the women’s movement and the development of feminism in the twentieth century. According to feminist writer, bell hooks, in â€Å"Intro duction: Come Closer to Feminism,† hooks identifies that feminism is for everyone because ‘feminism is a movement to end sexism’ (hooks 10). In other words, implying that it is not men that are the problem but the behavior and ideals sexism itself because women and men are both capable of being sexist. Feminism is not just about women getting equal rights as men but letting men know that it is okay to have feelings and to respect women. After reading articles, â€Å"A Day without Feminism† by Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards, bellShow MoreRelatedWhen Thinking About Women’S Movements, One Is Likely To1115 Words   |  5 Pagesabout women’s movements, one is likely to associate them with an event that has taken place in either the United States or Canada. Nevertheless, it is evident that women s movements have historically occurred across the globe. 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What they really wanted was equality between men and women and wanted the same opportunities thatRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement874 Words   |  4 Pageswomen’s rights movement demonstrated the first true act of feminism, founded by a group of women rights activists to combat against women’s suffrage in the United States. By the 1960’s radical feminists also known as the woman’s liberation movement once again took up the fight for equality amongst men and woman, yet by the late 1990’s early 2000’s it had begun to change, losing its primary focus of fighting for a woman’s right, and becoming a burden on women today. The blowback from feminism has leftRead MoreThe And Construction Of The United States Of America1174 Words   |  5 PagesTolerance is one of the most important principle of the development and construction of the United States of America. Tolerance creates a peaceful society, where people feel respected or valued. When the founding fathers established this country, women were not respected as they are today. To have tolerance, means to have a permissive attitude toward opinions and practices that differ from one s own. Even though within tolerance there several discrimination acts. Sexism, a discrimination againstRead MoreWhat Makes An Effective Social Theory? Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesdifference in a social movement Baum suggests that what makes an effective social theory, including feminist theory is it understands the social and political arrangements of the people situated in the argument. So that understanding then helps shape the processes the theory must then go through (Baum 1087), because feminism is fighting for something so big, gender equality, it affects at least half of the population, and not one person s situation will be completely the same. For feminism because thereRead MoreBlack Feminist1005 Words   |  5 Pagesdefined as a movement consisting of African American women advocating social, political, legal, and economic rights for women equal to those of men (Oxford English Press). Black feminism argues that sexism, social class oppression, and racism are inseparably bound together (Collins). The feminist movement has been around since the 1880s when the word â€Å"Feminism† appeared in the French language (Collins). The word found traction in Britain in the 1890s, and the United States in 1910, feminism sought toRead MoreThe Political And Cultural Challenges That Feminists Have Contested Over Time Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pages The feminist movement refers to a chain of crusades for economic, political, social and cultural fairness for women. Feminist scholars have segregated the history of feminism into three waves; first, second and third. The first wave concentrated on women’s suffrage, the second wave focused on political and cultural disparities and the third wave analysed the definitions of femininity which takes a broad view of white upper class women. This essay will compare and contrast these waves examining theRead MoreGender Equality And The Movement For Women s Rights On A Global Scale1174 Words   |  5 Pagesrecent years, there has been a raising awareness about gender equality and the movement for women’s rights on a global scale. In fact, there are two controversial perceptions of the meaning of feminism and what feminists stand for. For many years, feminism is considered a series of mere actions exhorting for only women, which is anti-men and overaggressive. Recently, there i s a gradual change in the understanding of what feminism is. It is all about the equality that every living human should be treatedRead MoreBlack Women And Feminism By Bell Hooks Ain t I A Woman1717 Words   |  7 PagesBlack women have long been oppressed since they first arrived to the American colonies. Bell Hooks’ Ain’t I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism traces the steps of slavery to the feminist movements in the 1970s. Written from a black feminist perspective, the book examines the impact of sexism during slavery, the devaluation of black womanhood, the imperialism of patriarchy, racism and feminism, and black women and feminism. Hooks attempts to move beyond racist and sexist assumptions regarding blackRead MoreThe Womens Liberation Movement1026 Words   |  4 PagesLiberation Movement greatly impacted Australia and the United States throughout the 60’s and 70’s carrying on to the 90’s. Without the Women’s Liberation Movement wo men wouldn’t have received changes in laws primarily regarding employment impacting on them moving forward in terms of equal opportunities. However there is still a there is still process to be made concerning employment and social roles for women to have equal rights as men. The Women’s Liberation Movement started in the 60’s during the

Research Proposal Sample on Vodafone Uk Customer Satisfaction Free Essays

In the business industry, it is important to gather customer to make the product and services sold. Therefore, keeping a customer is difficult in the business when it is in the starting stage. A business will find it harder to find prospective and loyal customer when operating abroad. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal Sample on Vodafone Uk Customer Satisfaction or any similar topic only for you Order Now And because of the economic problem that many countries are facing now, another challenge was revived; how to keep the customer? The Customer Satisfaction The customer satisfaction is a business term that measures how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. It is seen as a key performance indicator within business. In a competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers, customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator and increasingly has become a key element of business strategy1. Every business’s mission is making the customers as their first priority. In accordance to this, the business must fill or serve the satisfaction of their customers according to what preferences that the market is demanding for. For an instance, if the business is in the food industry and the customers’ wants different variations of soup then, the management must look forward to create sumptuous dishes. Some business use different approach in leading their customers in the satisfactory stage like making special for their valued customer or raffle promo or making a sale for some products, anything that will catch the customers’ attention and at the end bringing the profit and customers’ trusts. The business literally promotes their product with the use of their customer because if one customer felt great to their product or enjoyed the service, he/she will make it on the broadcast among with their friends. The value of customers in the business is very high thus; the business needs to find impressions to keep them coming back to their establishment. In the case of finding such market in the other country, is like finding a needle in a vast gassy meadow. It is hard when the business is new to the eye of the customers. It is hard when the business is not prepared in approaching the customers well. It is hard when the business has many competitors in the area. The need for adjustment is highly acceptable. And because of these issues that surround the business industry, the proper guidance is highly appreciated. The Vodafone case can be a basis in catching the customer’s interest. The Vodafone Vodafone UK has more than 17 million customers and is part of the world’s largest mobile community. Vodafone’s leadership in mobile voice and data communications has continued, thanks largely to its focus on developing its brand and customer experience2. In this big company, reaching the respect of the customers is not new to them. Most especially, the Vodafone is a technology-based business and the impact of acceptance is expectedly high. But even a good business like Vodafone still needs to assess their customers and answer every question of their customer. They also consider many opinions and suggestion coming from their customers so that, the evidence in the growing customer acceptance make their gross reach the highest every year. However, the challenge is still there in every kind of business. Customer’s Challenge Vodafone is constantly looking for new ways to drive interaction and enhance the service that we offer to our customers, while at the same time making the life of our people simpler and more rewarding. However, Vodafone recognized that it was not differentiating the needs of its in-store customers or allocating store employees according to their areas of expertise. This meant waiting times could be lengthy and the level of service provided varied on the store employee’s area of expertise. So, Vodafone introduced a re-branding program aimed at improving the customer journey in store, as well as differentiating Vodafone from its competitors. Based on the macro planning principles of â€Å"Organize me, Engage me†, the key components of the refit included greater automation in-store, the option for self-service through kiosks, and footfall counters to track the volume of customers in-store and optimize the customer flow. Benefits to the Customer †¢ Improve the customer experience – customers now have more time to browse the store and choose how to purchase, so everyone benefits from faster and more efficient service, in a more relaxed atmosphere. This has led to a considerable uplift in customer satisfaction. Increase performance – optimized stores outperform other stores. Average contract volumes have increased with average upgrade volumes also increasing. †¢ Minimize business disruption – systems availability is enhanced, with a substantial reduction in support calls and improvement in first time fixes, increasing sales opportunities †¢ Maximize profit margins – self-serv ice significantly reduces the cost of sale especially amongst core pre-pay customers †¢ Enhance productivity – automation of commodity purchases enables faster transaction times and frees up resources to help other customers. The number of customers leaving stores without seeing an advisor is also declining †¢ Reduce support costs – tailoring services and removing duplicate effort and resources has cut costs, while increasing the overall level of support †¢ Optimize resource deployment – increased management information, such as customer numbers, waiting times and sales conversion figures, is helping to track and measure the customer experience in-store and enable staffing roles to be prepared to reflect store and customer requirements. The Business Case for Measuring Impacts The nature of multinational business is complex, shaped by globalization and rapid socio-economic and political change. Sustainability issues are increasingly contributing to this complexity, not least climate change, resource constraints, endemic poverty and ecosystem degradation. Committing to create a more sustainable and inclusive form of globalization and the following are the key objectives3: †¢ Develop a deeper understanding of how global issues such as poverty, the environment, demographic change and globalization affect individual companies and sectors; †¢ Use the understanding of these issues to search for more inclusive business solutions that help to address the issues at both a local and global scale; †¢ Align core business strategies with the solutions identified; †¢ Incorporate long-term measures into the definition of success, targeting profitability that is sustainable and supported by a responsible record in managing social, environmental and employment matters. The Business in Developing Countries Companies recognize the risks and opportunities their operations face in developing countries and the important role they play in influencing change. They rely on transparent legal systems, access to markets and infrastructure services, social stability, healthy and skilled employees and suppliers, as well as consumers willing and able to purchase their products and services. While these conditions are critical for business growth and success, the benefits resulting from the presence of multinational business and the associated in-flows of capital may not reach all sectors of society. The consequence can be a thriving middle and upper class while the low-income segment gets left behind. This can lead to strained relations between business and the communities associated with their activities, increased scrutiny from civil society organizations and greater levels of political pressure from local and national governments, all of which can increase commercial risks for investors3. Conclusion The importance of customer in one business can affect the operation of a multinational company most especially in the developing countries. The success of a multinational company can make an additional growth in their own economy. Getting the heart of the customers are essential to keep the business moving. Although there are many factors that can affect a business that is new in the face of the foreign country, the main strategy that the study can add is to look for a customer that has a same nationality of the business. For example, the American business is new to Japan, therefore, the business should target their very own race first before entering the Japanese culture and became part of their life. References: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gitman, L; McDaniel, C., (2005). The Future of Business: The Essentials. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. ISBN 0324320280. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vodafone Case in Customer Satisfaction (n.d.). [Online] Available at: http://www.fujitsu.com/uk/casestudies/fs_vodafone-customersatisfaction.html [Accessed 14 Aug 2009]. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Impact: Beyond the Bottom Line (2008). WBCBD. [Online] Available at: http://www.wbcsd.org/web/projects/sl/MIbeyondthebottomline.pdf [Accessed 14 Aug 2009]. Read more: http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/08/research-proposal-sample-on-vodafone-uk-customer-satisfaction.html#ixzz1Es0Qh2Bk How to cite Research Proposal Sample on Vodafone Uk Customer Satisfaction, Essays

The Management Of Excessive Drinking And Drug Taking In The Family

Question: Discuss about the Management Of Excessive Drinking And Drug Taking In The Family. Answer: Introduction It is known to everyone that if any individual in a family who is into excessive drinking or into drugs then it will in turn effect the whole family because they will try to help the member but will get themselves pulled down to the bog. However, for a couple it is not easy to be with a partner, who is into excessive drinking and drug use because the relationship will get into conflicts, blaming one another and finally became a burden without love. The partner of the addicted often is hurt, afraid, and ashamed or suffers from a sense of failure. Family members mainly try to cover up the mess and often are found taking more responsibilities and fighting the lost battle with their dear ones (Orford et al., 2013). Heavy drinking and drug use can not only affect the family but also can heavily affect career, health and other aspect of a persons life. Consuming drug or alcohol also equally affects not only men but also women, as alcohol is more absorbent in a womens bloodstream, as they a re lacking enzyme which alcohol dehydrogenate in the stomach, where as in men the alcohol is broken down before it gets absorbed. Substance abuse mainly includes the persistent use of both alcohol and drugs. In this report, a case study of The management of excessive drinking and drug taking on the family is analyzed in three broad headings mainly comprising of the diagnosis, case formulation and treatment plan. DSM-V Diagnosis George from the case study has been diagnosed with Substance use disorders. According to DSM-V substance use disorders mainly results from the use of separate classes of drugs like alcohol, cannabis, caffeine, hallucinogens, opioids, sedatives, inhalants, tobacco and many more such substances. However, in case of George in this case study he has been addicted to alcohol for the last 5years. As per DSM-V George, falls mainly under Alcohol related disorder because as the diagnostic criteria suggest that a person should have at least two of the issues that must have occurred within a period of 12 months (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Therefore, in case of George the points, which are matching with that of DSM-V criteria, are that alcohol is consumed excessively or over longer time periods, repeated alcohol consumption is hindering to complete the role at work, school or home, recurrent use of alcohol despite of falling sick. Followed by continuing alcohol consumption despite having issues in the social as well interpersonal relations, important occupational activities are given up or have decreased because of alcohol consumption and lastly, alcohol consumption is continued even knowing that there will be a physical or psychological issue that have chances to take place due to excessive drinking (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). On the other hand, living with a husband like George his wife named Sandra is ongoing extreme stress that George will lose his job because of his excess alcohol consumption, which is troubling his career along with having a deteriorated relationship with her husband. She has been found facing a sense of fear as well as apprehension, nausea along with an irregular heart beating in few occasions (Spielberger, 2013). Therefore, Sandra is diagnosed with stress and anxiety. As per DSM-5 that are used to diagnose Anxiety disorders, Sandra has been found to worry excessively about her husbands health as well as financial matters but not more than 6 months. Along with it as per DSM-5 criteria, the individual suffering from anxiety can also experience symptoms like sweating, nausea or diarrhea. Sandra has been encountered with nausea (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). However, as Sandra in few occasions has been found having feelings of fear and irregular heartbeats thus, she is anxiet y attacks which is according to DSM-5 called the panic attack which is the sudden onset of fear or may be discomfort and reaches the peak which any 4 symptoms of the DSM-5 list of criteria. However, Sandras symptoms that are matching with DSM-5 criteria of panic attack are pounding heart rate, nausea, fear of losing control or going crazy and discomfort (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Case Formulation Causes of Georges mental health issue According to the researches, it has been proved that there has been a close association between alcoholism and biological factors mainly genetics and physiology. There are certain chemicals in the brain that can make an individual susceptible to alcohol abuse. According to the scientists, alcohol dependence may be associated with up to 51 genes in different chromosome regions (Enoch, 2012). Therefore, if these genes are passed generation after generation then family members get more prone in acquiring irregular drinking habits. Some can limit the amount of alcohol they consume while others feel a strong impulse of getting drunk. Repetitive behaviors make a person more vulnerable to become alcoholic (Kissin, 2013). Alcoholism is frequently seemed as a trait of broken families. If any member in the family is alcoholic then it disrupts the healthy and normal family dynamics, creating many issues that ultimately lead to dysfunction. The spouse of an alcoholic often fined doubting his or her partners, but alcoholism is a disease not a fault of anyone. Children of parents who were alcoholic can fall into various unhealthy roles (Jayne, Valentine Gould, 2012). Thus, biological factors as well as family can be a cause of Georges mental health issue. There are various psychological factors as well which can increase the chances of heavy drinking. Every individual has their unique ways to handle situations and therefore, the way one cope with these feelings actually influences certain behavioral traits. For instance, those who have high stress, anxiety, depression or any other mental condition are more prone to develop alcoholism. In these situations, alcohol mainly withholds feelings and replaces the symptoms of psychological disorders. However, with time drinking becomes a habit and guides to Alcohol use disorder. The more one uses alcohol to ease their feelings of pain, the more their body becomes tolerant to alcohol and relies on its effects. Alcohol abuse can further co-occur with depression, bipolar and schizophrenia and can further cause serious side effects (Heinz et al., 2013). Cause of Sandras Stress Social causes can enhance stress like living in an area where the place is too crowded, pollution, crime or even noises can create chronic stress for an individual. Along with other social causes like not having enough money to cover the expenses, loneliness, any kind of discrimination or sexual orientation can add stress to ones life (Patki et al., 2013). However, for Sandra she is always stressed that her husband will lose his job that will lead to financial crisis as they have three children. Moreover, she is also getting isolated from her husband, which is making her lonely. Therefore, social cause is there which is affecting Sandra. The job structure or unemployment can also bring stress to someone. However, Sandra is working as Manager in a large insurance company, which means that she has high workload as well as work pressure. As she is an office manager thus, she has huge responsibilities, which increases her already existing stress about her husband, his career as well as t heir relationship (Khamisa et al., 2015). Possible dangers of the children getting affected- The three children of George and Sandra can get severely affected growing up with an alcoholic parent because psychologically they can suffer from guilt, anxiety, embarrassment, confusion, anger and depression. In their own adulthood, they might also face risks of mental health trauma or substance abuse. Moreover, their children can adapt to antisocial behavior and may have difficulty in forming relationships (Lander, Howsare Byrne, 2013). Children growing up with an alcoholic parent means to have a traumatic childhood experience. The children can often feel neglected and thus, are more prone of getting emotionally, physically or sexually abused. Their children can further become secretive and may stay away from friends because of being ashamed (Velleman Orford, 2013). Consequences if help is not provided to them- If immediate help is not provided to them then it will affect George, Sandra and their children immensely. For George, alcohol will have short-term as well as long-term effects along with few side effects like depression, liver damage, and cancer as well as reduced sexual performance. Further excess alcohol consumption can cause death of the brain, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, tolerance or lastly alcohol dependence (Lieber, 2012). Then for Sandra, her stress and anxiety can have negative effect on her physical health as well mental, emotional and even on her social life. Not only her immune system will get affected due to stress and anxiety but it will also affect her digestive, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal as well as well reproductive system along with other physical problems (Cooper Marshall, 2013). Lastly, growing up with alcoholic father and mother with stress and anxiety will have negative effect on the kids as well which is not only make them feel neglected but also make their childhood traumatic. This will further be reflected in their adult life. Therefore, they are all in need for immediate help before it is too late. Treatment Goal and Planning Treatment for George- Depending of the need of the clients the treatment for alcohol use disorder can vary. However, Georges treatment may include a brief intervention in the beginning followed by individual counseling, an output patient program or a residential inpatient stay. Nevertheless, currently the treatment plan for George may begin with a detoxification or Detox which is withdrawal that is managed medically. It takes two to seven days. George may need sedating medications so that the withdrawal symptoms can be prevented (Stephens et al., 2014). Counseling as well as therapies are very much helpful for better understanding the problem of George and support recovery from his psychological aspect of alcohol use. Therapies like behavioral therapies along with CBT therapy, motivational enhancement therapy(MET) can be very much affective to people suffering from substance use because CBT will help George to think in an alternative way and avoid behaviors that are harmful for him and MET will self motiv ate and educate him about health risks from alcohol addiction.(Dermatis Egelko, 2014). Moreover, marital and family counseling is also helpful because it will help improving the family relationships as well as repair and enhance his relationship with his wife. Drug like disulfiram (Antabuse) can be prescribed to George to prevent him from drinking. However, this medicine cannot completely cure alcohol use or wipe out the compulsion to drink but if this medicine is taken then this drug will produce a physical reaction, which in turn will produce flushing, nausea, vomiting and headaches. Another drug called naltrexone (Revia) can prevent heavy drinking and lower the urge to drink as it obstructs the good feelings alcohol produces. Acamprosate (Campral) can also be helpful in this case, as it will help George to combat alcohol cravings once he stops drinking (Froehlich, Hausauer Rasmussen, 2013). Lastly, medical treatment should be continued because health will definitely improve if G eorge stops drinking but few health conditions will remain and will be needing treatment and follow-ups. Treatment for Sandra- Sandras treatment plan will exclude those drugs containing stimulants as can make her conditions worse thus Sandra should avoid that along with regular use of caffeine related drinks. Along with she must also avoid medicines like diet pills, asthma inhalers and thyroid medications. Then she will need techniques for managing daily stress and anxieties, as it is very normal that stress and anxiety will occur from time to time. Sandra needs to pay little attention to know that how her body and mind responds to the stressful situation so that the next time in a similar stressful situation she can anticipate her reactions and it gets less troublesome. She should also eat balanced diet, get enough sleep, meditate, practice deep breathing and talk to friends (Sharma Rush, 2014).CBT therapy can be helpful to Sandra as this therapy is very much effective for managing anxiety. This therapy will further teach Sandra how she can recognize anxious thoughts as well as behaviors and modify them in to ones that are more positive (Arch et al., 2012). Counseling, this will be effective for Sandra to fight with stress and anxiety because this is the best-known talking therapy that she can easily avail. Counseling may be of 6-12 sessions each about an hour long. Sandra can talk to her counselor with confidence and he/she can help her think about her situations. Counseling is the best help for those who are healthy but need little help to cope up with their present crisis. In Sandras case, relational counseling will also be effective because her husbands alcohol use has ruined their relationship, which is also an important cause of her stress and anxiety. Thus, relationship counseling can also help her if both the partners talk in confidence to the counselor/therapist to discover what exactly has been wrong in their relationship and how together they can make things better. This will further help Sandra and George to learn about each others needs and will enhance their communicatio n (Petch et al., 2014). Treatment Goal for George- By following this treatment plan slowly and steadily Georges excessive alcohol consumption can be brought under control. Further, after this treatment his physical and mental health conditions will also improve. Moreover, if his alcohol consumption is controlled then his social and personal life will become hassle free. Therefore, he can continue to lead a healthy and peaceful life without frequently falling sick or without the fear of losing his job. Thus, the main goal is to control Georges drinking habit and improve his mental as well as physical health as of now. Treatment goal for Sandra- If the treatment plan of Sandra is followed appropriately then definitely she will be able to control her level of stress and anxiety that she faces now. Controlling her stress and anxiety level will definitely save her from many long-term mental and physical illnesses. Thus, implementing the treatment for Sandra in a successful way will surely give her the power to manage stressful situations as well as her relationship with her children and husband. Conclusion To conclude this report, it can be said that from the case study provided George who is 42years of age and is a Postman by his profession is drinking excessively over the past five years. The habit of his excess drinking is now interfering with his professional as well as personal relationships because he is regularly falling sick or is suspected as intoxicated at his workplace and is send home. Whereas, drinking is making his mood irritable, being rude or quiet or reserved at times. Thus, his wife and children are isolating themselves from him. On the other hand, his wife Sandra who is 39years old and works as an office manager for a large insurance company is experiencing symptoms like worries, fear, nauseous and irregular heartbeats. According DSM-5 George is diagnosed with Substance abuse disorder, mainly alcohol use disorder and his wife Sandra is diagnosed with stress and anxiety. In the case formulation, it has been seen that Georges mental health problem can cause due to biol ogical, family or psychological effects whereas Sandras causes can be social or work related. However, as mentioned in the case study that they have three children, who can also get negatively affected if immediate help is not provided to them. Therefore, appropriate treatment plan is followed with the goal to control Georges drinking habits and help Sandra to manage her stress and anxiety. Thus, for both counseling are a common factor other than that both will need different types to medications as well as therapies. References American Psychiatric Association.(2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5).American Psychiatric Pub. Arch, J. J., Eifert, G. H., Davies, C., Vilardaga, J. C. P., Rose, R. D., Craske, M. G. (2012). Randomized clinical trial of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) versus acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for mixed anxiety disorders.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 80(5), 750. Cooper, C. L., Marshall, J. (2013).Occupational sources of stress: A review of the literature relating to coronary heart disease and mental ill health. In From Stress to Wellbeing Volume 1 (pp. 3-23). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Dermatis, H., Egelko, S. (2014). Buddhist mindfulness as an influence in recent empirical CBT approaches to addiction: Convergence with the Alcoholics Anonymous model. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 32(2-3), 194-213. Enoch, M. A. (2012). The influence of geneenvironment interactions on the development of alcoholism and drug dependence. Current psychiatry reports, 14(2), 150-158. Froehlich, J. C., Hausauer, B. J., Rasmussen, D. D. (2013). Combining naltrexone and prazosin in a single oral medication decreases alcohol drinking more effectively than does either drug alone. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 37(10), 1763-1770. Heinz, A. J., de Wit, H., Lilje, T. C., Kassel, J. D. (2013). The combined effects of alcohol, caffeine, and expectancies on subjective experience, impul Jayne, M., Valentine, G., Gould, M. (2012).Family life and alcohol consumption: The transmission of publicand privatedrinking cultures.Drugs: education, prevention and policy, 19(3), 192-200. Khamisa, N., Oldenburg, B., Peltzer, K., Ilic, D. (2015). Work related stress, burnout, job satisfaction and general health of nurses. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12(1), 652-666. Kissin, B. (Ed.). (2013). The Biology of Alcoholism: Volume 1: Biochemistry. Springer Science Business Media. Lander, L., Howsare, J., Byrne, M. (2013).The impact of substance use disorders on families and children: from theory to practice.Social work in public health, 28(3-4), 194-205. Lieber, C. S. (2012). Medical and nutritional complications of alcoholism: mechanisms and management.Springer Science Business Media. Orford, J., Velleman, R., Natera, G., Templeton, L., Copello, A. (2013). Addiction in the family is a major but neglected contributor to the global burden of adult ill-health. Social Science Medicine, 78, 70-77. Patki, G., Solanki, N., Atrooz, F., Allam, F., Salim, S. (2013). Depression, anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment are associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat model of social stress. Brain research, 1539, 73-86. Petch, J., Murray, J., Bickerdike, A., Lewis, P. (2014).Psychological distress in Australian clients seeking family and relationship counselling and mediation services. Australian Psychologist, 49(1), 28-36. Sharma, M., Rush, S. E. (2014).Mindfulness-based stress reduction as a stress management intervention for healthy individuals: a systematic review.Journal of evidence-based complementary alternative medicine, 19(4), 271-286. Spielberger, C. D. (Ed.). (2013). Anxiety and behavior.Academic Press. Stephens, J. R., Liles, E. A., Dancel, R., Gilchrist, M., Kirsch, J., DeWalt, D. A. (2014).Who needs inpatient detox? Development and implementation of a hospitalist protocol for the evaluation of patients for alcohol detoxification. Journal of general internal medicine, 29(4), 587-593. Velleman, R., Orford, J. (2013).Risk and resilience: Adults who were the children of problem drinkers.Routledge.